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> On September 11, 2001, four different flights took off on the East coast and were scheduled to land in California. Instead, none of the passengers survived these flights, as all four were hijacked and redirected towards specific targets, as part of the deadliest terrorist attack in United States history. These brutal attacks caused 2,974 deaths and generated fear and later a sense of patriotism in most Americans. It began at 8:46 a.m., when American Airlines Flight 11, en route from Boston to Los Angeles, was hijacked and rerouted to New York City, where it crashed into the North Tower of the World Trade Center. As the world watched in utter disbelief of the inhumanity of the attacks, United Airlines Flight 175, originally on the same Boston-to-Los Angeles route, ripped through the South Tower, a mere eighteen minutes later. The terrorists were not yet finished. At about 9:40 a.m., American Airlines Flight 77, was similarly hijacked and diverted from its course from Dulles to Los Angeles. The target this time was the Pentagon and the fiery collision destroyed four of the five rings that encircle the building, causing extensive casualties. A passenger on United Airlines Flight 93, from Newark to San Francisco called 911 to inform officials that a fourth plane had been hijacked and was heading towards Washington, D.C. All of the occupants died when the plane crashed in Shanksville, Pennsylvania, after passengers charged the cockpit, after learning of the fate of the previously hijacked planes. > > United States officials responded promptly. For the first time in U.S. history, the Federal Aviation Administration banned all commercial air traffic in the U.S. The Pentagon confirmed the presence of five warships and two aircraft carriers to protect the East Coast from further attack. In addition to the tireless efforts of the countless emergency personnel who responded to the scenes in NYC, Washington D.C. and Pennsylvania, civilians helped in whatever way possible. People travelled to New York City from all over the country to lend help. > > > In the months that followed, the United States continued to respond both home and abroad to these terrorist attacks. Specifically, on October 26, 2001, Congress enacted Public Law 107-56, or an Act Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism (USA PATRIOT Act). In addition, the Department of Homeland Security was developed in order to coordinate and organize the country’s response to any future terror attacks. > 11.1.a Reflect on Your Knowledge : In this section, you will examine your current knowledge about the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, and the impact on the U.S. You will also reflect on the importance of memorializing (historical events and in particular honoring) loved ones lost during war or in a tragedy. > Reflect on the following questions in your journal.
 * == 11.1 Terrorist Attacks of September 11, 2001, Explore the Content ==
 * 1) How did emergency personnel respond to conditions at Ground Zero and the Pentagon immediately folloowing the attacks of September 11, 2001?
 * 2) What changes did the U.S. make after the attacks and why is it important to teach about them rather than simply teaching students factual information about the attacks and the events leading up to the attacks?
 * 3) Where were you during the attacks? When and how did you first learn about them? How does personal experience and memory affect the way you teach a recent history topic such as 9/11?
 * [[image:https://moodle.doemass.org/mod/resource/icon.gif link="https://moodle.doemass.org/mod/resource/view.php?id=47837"]] [|11.1.b Terrorist Attacks of September 11, 2001, Explore the Content - Readings] [| Resource]
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 * [[image:https://moodle.doemass.org/mod/journal/icon.gif link="https://moodle.doemass.org/mod/journal/view.php?id=47839"]] [|Terrorist Attacks of September 11, 2001: Explore the Content Journal]
 * [[image:https://moodle.doemass.org/mod/assignment/icon.gif link="https://moodle.doemass.org/mod/assignment/view.php?id=48756"]] [|Terrorist Attacks of September 11, 2001: Explore the Content Assignment]
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